Institutional Reforms and Electricity Access: Lessons from Bangladesh and Thailand
نویسندگان
چکیده
The paper discusses the institutional reforms for rural electrification (RE) in Thailand and Bangladesh and analyses the impacts of private sector participation in electricity generation and tariff reforms on the poor in Thailand. RE program in Thailand, initiated in 1977, increased electricity access by rural households from 7% in early 70s to 97% by 2000. In Bangladesh the RE program, initiated in 1977 when electricity access by rural households was almost negligible, could increase the access to only 19% of rural households by 2000. Financial resources for investment, electricity generation capacity and economic growth were identified as key factors affecting the achievements of the RE programs in the two countries. In Thailand electrification level and average household electricity consumption were found not affected by private sector participation in electricity generation and tariff reforms during the 1990s.
منابع مشابه
Reform and Regulation of the Electricity Sectors in Developing Countries
The 1990s witnessed a worldwide trend toward electricity sector reforms in developed and developing economies. These reforms have generally been based on private participation, regulatory reform, and competition in the sector. This paper reviews and draws lessons from the reform experience in developing countries. Developing countries have had to reform technically and financially less efficien...
متن کاملStrategic Purchasing: The Neglected Health Financing Function for Pursuing Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries; Comment on “What’s Needed to Develop Strategic Purchasing in Healthcare? Policy Lessons from a Realist Review”
Sanderson et al’s realist review of strategic purchasing identifies insights from two strands of theory: the economics of organisation and inter-organisational relationships. Our findings from a programme of research conducted by the RESYST (Resilient and Responsive Health Systems) consortium in seven countries echo these results, and add to them the crucial area of org...
متن کاملThe Challenge of Sustaining Long-term Care in Aging Societies: Lessons From Japan and Spain; Comment on “Financing Long-term Care: Lessons From Japan”
This article compares the provision of long-term care (LTC) in Japan and Spain, two countries with similar demographic structures but which address the provision of LTCs in very different ways. Both countries provide universal LTC. However, Japan has developed a generous benefit package of formal services for dependents to alleviate the care burden on the family, but provides no cash benefits. ...
متن کاملHeritage Conservationin Hong kong (Policy and Planning Context Review)
Since the enactment of the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance in 1971 and the establishment of Antiquities and Monuments Office in 1976, the Hong Kong Government has set up several institutions with particular ordinances and schemes for Heritage Conservation. With the set-up of government initiatives, yet the protection of physical and cultural heritage is still limited due to the ambiguity of...
متن کاملLessons to be Learned from the Experience of Electricity Reforms in India
The electricity sectors in India have been undergoing signifi cant reforms since nineties. The initial status of the electricity sector when reform of the industry was initiated was very similar across all states in India. The state electricity boards prior to reform were vertically integrated public utilities, the distribution companies had signifi cant technical and commercial losses and the ...
متن کامل